Bemporad Formula

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Bemporad Formula

A formula for the optical air mass m in terms of the zenith distance z of the sun or other celestial body:

m = R/58.36 sec sin zwhere R is astronomical refraction, seconds of arc.

For values of z less than about 70, the Bemporad formula can be replaced by the simpler approximate formula,

m = sec z

References

This article is based on NASA's Dictionary of Technical Terms for Aerospace Use